名詞 artichoke:

1. Mediterranean thistlelike plant widely cultivated for its large edible flower head
   同義詞：globe artichoke, artichoke plant, Cynara scolymus
2. a thistlelike flower head with edible fleshy leaves and heart
   同義詞：globe artichoke

ar.ti.choke

n.（名詞）

A Mediterranean thistlelike plant(Cynara scolymus) in the composite family, having pinnately divided leaves and large discoid heads of bluish flowers.
洋薊：一種菊科地中海的薊類植物（菜薊屬 洋薊屬） ，有羽狀全裂葉和藍(lán)色花朵的盤狀花頭
The edible, immature flower head of this plant.Also called globe artichoke
洋薊花頭：這種植物的可食用的，未成熟的花頭也作 globe artichoke
The Jerusalem artichoke.
菊芋

來源：
Ultimately from Old Spanish alcarchofa
最終源自 古西班牙語 alcarchofa
from Arabic al-Carôôf
源自 阿拉伯語 al-Carôôf

<注釋>Those who have been warned to watch out for the sharp-tipped bracts toward the innermost part of an artichoke may have wondered whether the name of this vegetable has anything to do with choking.Originally it did not.Our word goes back to an Arabic word for the same plant,al-Carôôf. The Arabic word passed into Spanish,a not uncommon occurrence given the fact that Moslems ruled much of Spain for several centuries during the Middle Ages.The Old Spanish wordalcarchofa was variously modified as it passed through Italian, a Northern dialect form beingarticiocco, which looks more like artichoke than al-Carôôf. In English, where the word is first recorded in the early 'th century, a potpourri of spellings and explanations of it are found.For example, people who did not know the long history of the word explained it by the notion that the flower had a .choke,.that is, something that chokes, in its .heart..
那些被告知要當(dāng)心這種朝鮮薊的最內(nèi)層部分的尖苞片的人，可能會(huì)猜想這種蔬菜與窒息有一些聯(lián)系。最初并沒有。這個(gè)詞可以追溯到阿拉伯語言關(guān)于這種植物的名稱，al-harsuf。 這個(gè)阿拉伯名稱又傳入了西班牙，這件極普通的事情指出，在中世紀(jì)時(shí)期穆斯林曾統(tǒng)治西班牙大部地區(qū)，長(zhǎng)達(dá)幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的事實(shí)。舊的西班牙詞alcarchofa 又經(jīng)歷了不同的變化，如傳入意大利， 北方方言的形式形成articicco， 這看起來更象 artichoke 而非 al-harsuf。 在英語中，這個(gè)詞在'世紀(jì)初被記錄下來時(shí)，有許多不同的拼法和解釋。例如，不知道這個(gè)詞的悠久歷史的人解釋這個(gè)詞時(shí)依據(jù)的看法是花會(huì)令人.窒息.，也就是說，是一種在它.心中.窒息的東西。