back, backward, hind, behind

back, uphold, support, sustain, advocate

名詞 back:

1. the posterior part of a human (or animal) body from the neck to the end of the spine
   同義詞：dorsum
2. the side that goes last or is not normally seen
   同義詞：rear
3. the part of something that is furthest from the normal viewer
   同義詞：rear
4. (football) a person who plays in the backfield
5. the series of vertebrae forming the axis of the skeleton and protecting the spinal cord
   同義詞：spinal column, vertebral column, spine, backbone, rachis
6. the protective covering on the front, back, and spine of a book
   同義詞：binding, book binding, cover
7. the part of a garment that covers the back of your body
8. a support that you can lean against while sitting
   同義詞：backrest
9. the position of a player on a football team who is stationed behind the line of scrimmage

動(dòng)詞 back:

1. be behind; approve of
   同義詞：endorse, indorse, plump for, plunk for, support
2. travel backward
3. give support or one's approval to
   同義詞：second, endorse, indorse
4. cause to travel backward
5. support financial backing for
6. be in back of
7. place a bet on
   同義詞：bet on, gage, stake, game, punt
8. shift to a counterclockwise direction
9. establish as valid or genuine
   同義詞：back up
10. strengthen by providing with a back or backing

形容詞 back:

1. related to or located at the back
2. located at or near the back of an animal
   同義詞：hind, hinder
3. of an earlier date

副詞 back:

1. in or to or toward a former location
2. at or to or toward the back or rear
   同義詞：backward, backwards, rearward, rearwards
3. in or to or toward an original condition
4. in or to or toward a past time
   同義詞：backward
5. in answer
   同義詞：in reply
6. in repayment or retaliation

1. He proved that he was right and his critics had to back down.
   他證明了他是正確的，而那些非難他的人不得不收起他們那一套。
2. Please back the check.
   請?jiān)谶@張支票背后簽名。
3. The organization is backed by the UN.
   這機(jī)構(gòu)得到聯(lián)合國的資助。
4. You'll make your back ache if you carry those heavy buckets.
   如果你背那些沉重的桶，你的背會痛的。
5. Stand back! You're stepping on my toes.
   向后站！你踩在我的腳趾頭上了。
6. Put the book back on the shelf when you've finished it.
   書讀完后，要放回原處。
7. Three people can sit in the back of this car.
   這車的后座可坐3個(gè)人。
8. John plays back in the team.
   約翰在這個(gè)隊(duì)打后衛(wèi)。

back

n.（名詞）

The posterior portion of the trunk of the human body between the neck and the pelvis; the dorsum.
背部：人體軀干的后部，在脖子和骨盆之間；背部
The analogous dorsal region in other animals.
動(dòng)物的背部：其它動(dòng)物相似的背部部位
The backbone or spine.
脊骨或脊柱
The part or area farthest from the front.
后部：離前面最遠(yuǎn)的部分或地區(qū)
The part opposite to or behind that adapted for view or use:
背面，反面：與看見或使用的部分相反或在其后面的部分：
例句：
the back of the hand; wrote on the back of the photograph.
手背；寫在照片背面

The reverse side, as of a coin.
反面：反面，如硬幣的反面
A part that supports or strengthens from the rear:
靠背：從后部支持或加強(qiáng)的部分：
例句：
the back of a couch.
睡椅的靠背

The part of a book where the pages are stitched or glued together into the binding.
書脊：書頁被裝訂或粘在一起成冊的滾邊部分
The binding itself.
裝訂本身
Sports
【體育運(yùn)動(dòng)】
A player who takes a position behind the front line of other players in certain games, such as football.
后衛(wèi)：在某種比賽項(xiàng)目中，如足球，處在其它運(yùn)動(dòng)員前線位置之后的運(yùn)動(dòng)員
This playing position.
后衛(wèi)位置
v.（動(dòng)詞）
backed,back.ing,backs
v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）
To cause to move backward or in a reverse direction:
使倒退：引起向后或相反方向移動(dòng)：
例句：
Back the car up ten feet and then make the turn.
把車向后倒0英尺然后轉(zhuǎn)彎

To furnish or strengthen with a back or backing.
背靠，加固：用后背或支持物裝備或加強(qiáng)
To provide with financial or spiritual help; support or sustain:
支持，后援：提供財(cái)政的或精神上的幫助；支持或維持：
例句：
backed our candidate with a $,000-a-plate dinner.See Synonyms at support
以一人000美元的晚餐為我們的候選人打氣參見 support

To bet or wager on.
打賭：打賭或用…賭博
To adduce evidence in support of; substantiate:
引證，證明：提出證據(jù)支持；證明，證實(shí)：
例句：
backed the argument with facts.
用事實(shí)證明論點(diǎn)

To form the back or background of:
形成…的背部或背景：
例句：
Snowcapped mountains back the village.
白雪皚皚的山巒形成了村莊的背景

v.intr.（不及物動(dòng)詞）
To move backward.
倒退：向后移動(dòng)
To shift to a counterclockwise direction. Used of the wind.
逆時(shí)針轉(zhuǎn)向：轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槟鏁r(shí)針方向。用于指風(fēng)
adj.（形容詞）
Located or placed in the rear:
后部的：位于或安置在后面的：
例句：
Deliveries should be made at the back entrance.
交貨應(yīng)在后面的入口處

Distant from a center of activity; remote.
偏遠(yuǎn)的：遠(yuǎn)離活動(dòng)中心的；偏遠(yuǎn)的
Of a past date; not current:
過時(shí)的，不流行的：屬于過去的日子的；不是現(xiàn)時(shí)的：
例句：
a back issue of a periodical.
過期的期刊

Being owed or due from an earlier time; in arrears:
積欠的：較早時(shí)期應(yīng)擁有或到期的；拖欠的：
例句：
back pay.
欠薪

Being in a backward direction.
向后的：處于向后的方向的
Linguistics Pronounced with the back of the tongue, asoo in cool. Used of vowels.
【語言學(xué)】 舌根的：用舌根發(fā)音的，如oo 在 cool 一詞中的發(fā)音。用于元音字母
adv.（副詞）
At, to, or toward the rear or back; backward.
在后地，向后地：在、到或向著后面或后部地；向后地，落后地
In, to, or toward a former location:
回到原處：在、到或向著從前的位置：
例句：
went back for the class reunion.
參加同班同學(xué)會

In, to, or toward a former condition.
回到原先狀態(tài)：在、到或向著從前的狀態(tài)地
In, to, or toward a past time.
從前地：在、到到向著過去的年代地
In reserve or concealment.
儲存地或隱蔽地
In check or under restraint:
阻擋地：處于被節(jié)制或被隱瞞的狀態(tài)：
例句：
Barriers held the crowd back.
柵欄將群眾擋住了

In reply or return.
回答或歸還

<常用詞組>back away
To withdraw from a position; retreat.
撤退：從某個(gè)位置撤離；撤退
back down
To withdraw from a position, opinion, or commitment.
讓步，放棄：從某個(gè)位置、觀點(diǎn)或義務(wù)中撤出
back off
To retreat or draw away.
撤回或離開
back out
To withdraw from (an enterprise or a plan) before completion.
中途退出：在完成之前從（某項(xiàng)計(jì)劃或事業(yè)）中退出
To fail to keep a commitment or promise.
失言：沒有履行義務(wù)或諾言
back up
To cause to accumulate or undergo accumulation:
使聚集：引起堆積或經(jīng)過積累：
例句：
The accident backed the traffic up for blocks. Traffic backed up in the tunnel.
事故引起了交通阻塞。在地下道中引起了交通阻塞

Computer Science To make a backup of (a program or file).
【計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)】 備份：為（程序或文件）備份
<習(xí)慣用語>back and fill
Nautical To maneuver a vessel in a narrow channel by adjusting the sails so as to let the wind in and out of them in alteration.
【航海】 調(diào)整航向：在狹窄的水道中操縱船，通過調(diào)整風(fēng)帆以便使風(fēng)帆間進(jìn)出的風(fēng)向有所改變
To vacillate in one`s actions or decisions.
舉棋不定：在行動(dòng)與決定之間猶豫不決
來源：
Middle English bak
中古英語 bak
from Old English bôc
源自 古英語 bôc

【引伸】
back.less
adj.（形容詞）
The expressionback of is an informal variant of in back of and is best avoided in writing: There was a small stable in back of (not simply back of ) the house.
表達(dá)方式back of 是 in back of 的一種不正式的變形方式， 最好避免在書面語中運(yùn)用，如： There was a small stable in back of（不要簡單地說成 back of ） the house （房后有一個(gè)小馬廄）

back
back 2

n.（名詞）
A shallow vat or tub used chiefly by brewers.
大淺桶：主要供釀酒商用的一種淺的盆或缸

來源：
Dutch bak
荷蘭語 bak
from French bac
源自 法語 bac
from Old French [boat]
源自 古法語 [船]
from Vulgar Latin *baccus [vessel]
源自 俗拉丁語 *baccus [船，容器]
[probably of Celtic origin]
[可能源于凱爾特語的]