名詞 barbarism:

1. a brutal barbarous savage act
   同義詞：brutality, barbarity, savagery

1. A lapse into barbarism.
   倒退到野蠻狀態(tài)
2. Man has gradually emerged from barbarism into civilization over the long history.
   在悠久的歷史長(zhǎng)河中人類逐漸脫離野蠻狀態(tài)而進(jìn)入文明。

bar.ba.rism

n.（名詞）
An act, trait, or custom characterized by ignorance or crudity.
愚昧：被認(rèn)為是未開化的，鄙俗的行為、品質(zhì)或習(xí)慣

The use of words, forms, or expressions considered incorrect or unacceptable.
不合語法：不正確的或不規(guī)則的詞語、詞形和表達(dá)法的運(yùn)用
A specific word, form, or expression so used.
不合語法的表達(dá)：不正確或不規(guī)則使用的詞語、詞形或表達(dá)法

來源：
Latin barbarismus [use of a foreign tongue or of one`s own tongue amiss, barbarism]
拉丁語 barbarismus [外來語或錯(cuò)誤粗俗語言的使用]
from Greek barbarismos
源自 希臘語 barbarismos
from barbarizein [to behave or speak like a barbarian]
源自 barbarizein [言談舉止象沒文化的人]
from barbaros [non-Greek, foreign]
源自 barbaros [非希臘的，外國的]

There is a significant difference in meaning betweenbarbarism and barbarity. Both denote some absence of civilization,but the wordcivilization itself has several different senses, one the opposite ofbarbarism, the other the opposite of barbarity. On the one handcivilization may refer to the scientific, artistic, and cultural attainments of advanced societies; and it is this sense that figures in the meaning ofbarbarism. The English wordbarbarism originally referred to incorrect use of language, but it is now used more generally to refer to ignorance or crudity in matters of taste, including verbal expression:The New Yorker would never tolerate such barbarisms. On the other hand,civilization may refer to the basic social order that allows people to resolve their differences peaceably, and it is this sense—that is, civilization as opposed to savagery—that figures in the meaning ofbarbarity, which refers to savage brutality or cruelty in actions,as inThe accounts of the emperor`s barbarity shocked the world.
在barbarism 與 barbarity 之間意義有明顯的區(qū)別。 雖然兩者都包含不文明的意思，但civilization 一詞本身有好幾種意思， 一種與barbarism 相反，另一種與 barbarity 相反。 一方面civilization 可以指在發(fā)達(dá)社會(huì)中科學(xué)、藝術(shù)、文化方面取得的成就， 這層意義能在barbarism 中得到體現(xiàn)。 英語詞barbarism 最先指語音不正確的使用， 現(xiàn)在卻更多地用來指品味方面的無知與鄙俗，包括動(dòng)詞表示法，例如：這個(gè) 紐約人 從不會(huì)容忍這些低級(jí)趣味。 另一方面，civilization 還可以指允許人們和平地彼此同化的社會(huì)基本規(guī)則。 在這個(gè)意義上，.文明.作為.殘暴.的反義詞，在barbarity 中得以體現(xiàn)， 指殘酷的暴行或行為方面的殘忍，例如句子這個(gè)皇帝的暴行被報(bào)道之后震驚了全世界