dark, dim, black, gloomy, obscure, vague, grey

名詞 black:

1. the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)
   同義詞：blackness, inkiness
2. total absence of light
   同義詞：total darkness, lightlessness, blackness, pitch blackness
3. British chemist who identified carbon dioxide and who formulated the concepts of specific heat and latent heat (1728-1799)
   同義詞：Joseph Black
4. popular child actress of the 1930's (born in 1928)
   同義詞：Shirley Temple Black, Shirley Temple
5. a person with dark skin who comes from Africa (or whose ancestors came from Africa)
   同義詞：Black person, blackamoor, Negro, Negroid
6. (board games) the darker pieces
7. black clothing (worn as a sign of mourning)

動詞 black:

1. make or become black
   同義詞：blacken, melanize, melanise, nigrify

形容詞 black:

1. being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light
2. of or belonging to a racial group having dark skin especially of sub-Saharan African origin- Martin Luther King Jr.
3. marked by anger or resentment or hostility
4. stemming from evil characteristics or forces; wicked or dishonorable-Thomas Hardy
   同義詞：dark, sinister
5. offering little or no hope
   同義詞：bleak, dim
6. (of events) having extremely unfortunate or dire consequences; bringing ruin
   同義詞：calamitous, disastrous, fatal, fateful
7. (of the face) made black especially as with suffused blood
   同義詞：blackened
8. extremely dark
   同義詞：pitch-black, pitch-dark
9. harshly ironic or sinister
   同義詞：grim, mordant
10. (of intelligence operations) deliberately misleading
11. distributed or sold illicitly
    同義詞：bootleg, black-market, contraband, smuggled
12. (used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame
    同義詞：disgraceful, ignominious, inglorious, opprobrious, shameful
13. (of coffee) without cream or sugar
14. dressed in black
15. soiled with dirt or soot
    同義詞：smutty

1. He blacked his shoes before visiting his father-in-law.
   在拜訪岳父之前，他把鞋子擦黑。
2. Do you have a black jacket?
   你有一件黑夾克嗎？
3. After her husband died, she dressed in deep black for the rest of her life.
   她丈夫去世后，她終生都穿著黑色喪服。

black

adj.（形容詞）
black.er,black.est
Color Being of the color black, producing or reflecting comparatively little light and having no predominant hue.
【色彩】 黑的：黑色的，產(chǎn)生或反射極少光的，沒有突出色彩的
Having little or no light:
黑暗的：幾乎或沒有光亮的：
例句：
a black, moonless night.
漆黑的，沒有月光的夜晚

Often Black
常作 Black
Of, relating to, or belonging to a racial group having brown to black skin, especially one of African origin:
黑種人的：有黑色或棕色皮膚的人種的，有關(guān)黑人或棕色人種的，屬于黑人或棕色人種的，尤指來自非洲的：
例句：
the Black population of South Africa.
南非的黑人人口

Of, relating to, or belonging to an American ethnic group descended from African peoples having dark skin; African American; Afro-American:
美國黑人的：黑色皮膚的非洲人后代成為美國少數(shù)民族的，與其相關(guān)的或?qū)儆谠撋贁?shù)民族的；美國黑人的；美國黑人的：
例句：
.When the history books are written in future generations, the historians will . . . say, ‘There lived a great people—a black people—who injected new meaning and dignity into the veins of civilization’.(Martin Luther King, Jr.).Despite the exposure, being young, gifted and Black in the corridors of power has its trying moments.(Ebony)
.后世在撰寫歷史書時，歷史學(xué)家會…說，‘這里有過一個偉大的民族——黑人民族——他們?yōu)槲拿鞯难}注入了嶄新的意義與尊嚴(yán)’.(小馬丁·路德·金).盡管有成功的機會，在通向權(quán)力的道路上，做為年輕、有天份的黑人尚需經(jīng)歷艱難時刻.(艾伯尼)

Very dark in color:
深色的：顏色很深的：
例句：
rich black soil; black, wavy hair.
肥沃的黑土；黑色卷發(fā)

Soiled, as from soot; dirty:
弄臟的：煤煙弄臟的；臟的：
例句：
feet black from playing outdoors.
在戶外玩得腳很臟

Evil; wicked:
邪惡的；惡意的：
例句：
the pirates` black deeds.
海盜的惡劣行為

Cheerless and depressing; gloomy:
慍怒的：不高興的，抑悶的；憂愁的：
例句：
black thoughts.
憂郁的想法

Marked by anger or sullenness:
氣憤的：怒氣沖沖的，忿恨的：
例句：
gave me a black look.
惡恨恨地瞥了我一眼

Often Black Attended with disaster; calamitous:
常作 Black 悲慘的：倒霉的；災(zāi)難的：
例句：
the stock market crash on Black Friday.
黑色星期五股市下跌

Deserving of, indicating, or incurring censure or dishonor:
不名譽的：應(yīng)得，表明或招致譴責(zé)或丟臉的：
例句：
.Man . . . has written one of his blackest records as a destroyer on the oceanic islands.(Rachel Carson)
.人類…在海島上成為破壞者，寫下了最不光彩的記錄之一.(雷切爾·卡森)

Wearing clothing of the darkest visual hue:
穿深色衣服的：
例句：
the black knight.
黑衣騎士

Served without milk or cream:
黑色的：不加牛奶或奶油的：
例句：
black coffee.
黑咖啡

Appearing to emanate from a source other than the actual point of origin. Used chiefly of intelligence operations:
間接的：出自非真實的來源。主要指情報處理：
例句：
black propaganda; black radio transmissions.
間接宣傳；間接無線電傳送

Disclosed, for reasons of security, only to an extremely limited number of authorized persons; very highly classified:
極機密的：為了安全原因只有極少數(shù)授權(quán)人知道的；高度機密的：
例句：
black programs in the Defense Department; the Pentagon`s black budget.
國防部的機密方案；五角大樓的機密預(yù)算

Chiefly British Boycotted as part of a labor union action.
【多用于英國】 受抵制的：作為工會行動的一部分而被工會抵制的
n.（名詞）
Color
【色彩】
The achromatic color value of minimum lightness or maximum darkness; the color of objects that absorb nearly all light of all visible wavelengths; one extreme of the neutral gray series, the opposite being white. Although strictly a response to zero stimulation of the retina, the perception of black appears to depend on contrast with surrounding color stimuli.
黑色：最小亮度或最大暗度的消色差的明暗度配合；能吸收幾乎所有可見波長的所有光的物體的顏色；中性灰色系列的一個極端，白色的相反物。雖然在嚴(yán)格意義上黑色是視網(wǎng)膜對零剌激的反應(yīng)，但看起來黑色的感應(yīng)是依靠與周圍顏色刺激對比而得來的
A pigment or dye having this color value.
黑色顏料，黑色染料：有這種黑色標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的顏料或染料
Complete or almost complete absence of light; darkness.
漆黑：完全或幾乎完全沒有光亮；黑暗，漆黑
Clothing of the darkest hue, especially such clothing worn for mourning.
喪服：最黑的衣服，尤指參加喪禮時穿的衣服
Often Black
常作 Black
A member of a racial group having brown to black skin, especially one of African origin.
黑人：黑色或棕色人種的一員，尤指來自非洲的黑人
An American descended from peoples of African origin having brown to black skin; an African American; an Afro-American:
美國黑人：美國來自非洲有黑色或棕色皮膚人種的后代；美國黑人：
例句：
.Many blacks and Hispanics cannot borrow money from banks on subjective grounds.(Jesse Jackson)
.許多黑人和西班牙人因為他人的主觀偏見而不能從銀行貸款.(杰西·杰克遜)

Something that is colored black.
黑色的物品：顏色為黑色的物品
Games
【游戲】
The black-colored pieces, as in chess or checkers.
黑子：國際象棋或西洋跳棋中的黑色棋子
The player using these pieces.
執(zhí)黑子的人
v.tr.（及物動詞）
blacked,black.ing,blacks
To make black:
弄黑，使變黑：
例句：
blacked their faces with charcoal.
用木炭弄黑他們的臉

To apply blacking to:
擦黑，抹黑：
例句：
blacked the stove.
擦黑爐子

Chiefly British To boycott as part of a labor union action.
【多用于英國】 抵制，杯葛：作為工會行動的加以抵制
v.intr.（不及物動詞）
To become black.
變黑

<常用詞組>black out
To lose consciousness or memory temporarily:
暈倒：暈過去，暫時失去知覺或記憶：
例句：
blacked out at the podium.
在指揮臺上暈倒

To suppress (a fact or memory, for example) from conscious recognition:
抑制，抹去：抑制（事實或記憶等），使之不在意識中出現(xiàn)：
例句：
blacked out many of my wartime experiences.
忘掉我在戰(zhàn)爭期間的許多經(jīng)歷

To prohibit the dissemination of, especially by censorship:
封鎖：尤指通過審查禁止傳播：
例句：
blacked out the news issuing from the rebel provinces.
封鎖亂叛省份發(fā)出的新聞

To extinguish or conceal all lights that might help enemy aircraft find a target during an air raid.
對…實行燈火管制：在空襲中熄滅所有可能幫助敵機尋找目標(biāo)的燈火
To extinguish all the lights on (a stage).
熄燈：（在舞臺上）熄滅全部燈光
To cause a failure of electrical power in:
停電：導(dǎo)致失去電力：
例句：
Storm damage blacked out much of the region.
暴風(fēng)雨的襲擊使這個地區(qū)大范圍斷電

To withhold (a televised event or program) from a broadcast area:
禁止播出：不播出（電視傳送的事件或節(jié)目）：
例句：
blacked out the football game on local stations.
地方臺停止播放橄欖球賽

To withhold a televised event or program from:
停止轉(zhuǎn)播：不在電視上轉(zhuǎn)播（事件或節(jié)目）：
例句：
will black out the entire state to increase ticket sales for the game.
全國都不會電視轉(zhuǎn)播這場比賽以增加票的銷路

<習(xí)慣用語>in the black
On the credit side of a ledger; prosperous.
富裕的：在總帳目中有存款的一方的；富裕的
來源：
Middle English blak
中古英語 blak
from Old English blôc * see bhel-
源自 古英語 blôc *參見 bhel-

【引伸】
black.ish
adj.（形容詞）
black.ly
adv.（副詞）
black.ness
n.（名詞）
Black is often capitalized in its use to denote persons, though the lowercased formblack is still widely used by authors of all races:
Black 用于指人時經(jīng)常大寫， 雖然小寫的black 仍為各個種族的作家廣泛使用：
例句：
.Together, blacks and whites can move our country beyond racism. (Whitney Moore Young, Jr.).
.團結(jié)起來，黑人和白人可以使我們的國家超越種族. （小惠特尼·摩爾·揚）。

Use of the capitalized form has the advantage of acknowledging the parallel with other ethnic groups and nationalities,such asItalian and Sioux. It can be argued thatblack is different from these other terms because it was derived from an adjective rather than from a proper name.However, a precedent exists for the capitalization of adjectives used to denote specific groups,as in theReds and the Whites (of the Russian Civil War) or the Greens (the European political party). The capitalization ofBlack does raise ancillary problems for the treatment of the term white. Orthographic evenhandedness would seem to require the use of the uppercase formWhite, but this form might be taken to imply that whites constitute a single ethnic group,an issue that is certainly debatable.On the other hand, the use of the lowercase formwhite in the same context as the uppercase form Black will obviously raise questions as to how and why the writer has distinguished between the two groups.There is no entirely happy solution to this problem.In all likelihood, uncertainty as to the mode of styling ofwhite has dissuaded many publications from adopting the capitalized form Black. See Usage Note at color
大寫字母的好處在于對于其他種族和民族平等關(guān)系的承認(rèn)，如意大利人 和 蘇人。 有人可以爭辯說black 與其他詞不同， 因為他是由一個形容詞而不是專有名詞派生而成的。但是，大寫形容詞意指一組人已有前例，如Reds 和 Whites （俄國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中）或 Greens （歐洲政黨）。 大寫的Black 確實引起了該如何對待 White 一詞的有關(guān)問題。 正字法的公正要求使用White 的大寫形式White， 但這種形式可能被認(rèn)為暗示白人組成了單獨的種族，這是會引起爭論的問題。另一方面，在有black 大寫形式White出現(xiàn)的相同語境中使用 White 的小寫形式white， 顯然會引起如何及為什么作者要對這兩組人區(qū)別對待的問題。這一問題尚無令人滿意的解決辦法。White 書寫方式的不確定性很可能已經(jīng)使許多出版物不再采用大寫形式的 Black 參見 color