cause, reason, excuse

make, cause, get, have, render

名詞 cause:

1. events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something
2. a justification for something existing or happening
   同義詞：reason, grounds
3. a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end
   同義詞：campaign, crusade, drive, movement, effort
4. any entity that produces an effect or is responsible for events or results
   同義詞：causal agent, causal agency
5. a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy
   同義詞：lawsuit, suit, case, causa

動(dòng)詞 cause:

1. give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally
   同義詞：do, make
2. cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner
   同義詞：induce, stimulate, have, get, make

1. What caused his illness?
   是什么使他生??？
2. Don't complain without good cause.
   沒有充分的理由就不要抱怨。

cause

n.（名詞）

The producer of an effect, result, or consequence.
緣故，原因：一種影響、結(jié)果或后果的制造者
The one, such as a person, an event, or a condition, that is responsible for an action or a result.
起因：對(duì)某種行為或結(jié)果的發(fā)生產(chǎn)生作用的人、事或條件
A basis for an action or a response; a reason:
理由，動(dòng)機(jī)，根據(jù)：行為或反應(yīng)的基礎(chǔ)；原因：
例句：
The doctor`s report gave no cause for alarm.
醫(yī)生的報(bào)告沒有給出發(fā)警報(bào)的根據(jù)

A goal or principle served with dedication and zeal:
目標(biāo)，理想：以獻(xiàn)身精神和熱情追求的目標(biāo)和原則：
例句：
.the cause of freedom versus tyranny.(Hannah Arendt)
.反對(duì)暴政的自由理想.(漢娜·阿倫特)

The interests of a person or group engaged in a struggle:
利益：參與斗爭(zhēng)的人或集團(tuán)的利益：
例句：
.The cause of America is in great measure the cause of all mankind.(Thomas Paine)
.美國所爭(zhēng)取的利益大抵上就是全人類所爭(zhēng)取的利益.(托馬斯·佩恩)

Law
【法律】
A ground for legal action.
訴因：法律訴訟的根據(jù)
A lawsuit.
訴訟
A subject under debate or discussion.
辯論或討論中的主題
v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）
caused,caus.ing,caus.es
To be the cause of or reason for; result in.
成為…的原因；導(dǎo)致
To bring about or compel by authority or force:
造成…，促使…：利用權(quán)威或武力促成或強(qiáng)迫：
例句：
The moderator invoked a rule causing the debate to be ended.
仲裁人引用了一項(xiàng)規(guī)則使辯論終止

來源：
Middle English
中古英語
from Old French
源自 古法語
from Latin causa [reason, purpose]
源自 拉丁語 causa [原因，目的]

【引伸】
caus.able
adj.（形容詞）
cause.less
adj.（形容詞）
caus.er
n.（名詞）
<參考詞匯><同義詞>cause,reason,occasion,antecedentThese nouns denote what brings about or is associated with an effect or result. A
這些名詞意指帶來或關(guān)于某種影響或結(jié)果的原因。
cause is an agent or condition that permits the occurrence of an effect or necessarily or ineluctably leads to a result:
Cause 是允許一種效果的發(fā)生或必然、必要導(dǎo)致結(jié)果發(fā)生的動(dòng)因或條件：
例句：
.He is not only dull in himself,but the cause of dullness in others. (Samuel Foote).
.他不僅僅是自己愚蠢，而且是引起他人愚蠢的原因. （塞繆爾·福特）。

Reason refers to what explains the occurrence or nature of an effect:
Reason 是指解釋某種效果的發(fā)生或性質(zhì)的措辭：
例句：
There was no obvious reason for the accident.
這場(chǎng)事故沒有明顯的緣由。

Occasion is a situation that permits or stimulates existing causes to come into play:
Occasion 是一種允許或激發(fā)既存原因發(fā)生作用的情形：
例句：
.Such were the causes; but the immediate occasion of his departure . . . was the favorable opportunity . . . of migrating in a pleasant way. (Thomas De Quincey).
.這就是原因；但使得他離開的直接動(dòng)因…是能夠舒服地移居的誘人機(jī)會(huì)。. （托馬斯·德·昆西）。

Antecedent refers to what has gone before and implies a relationship—but not necessarily a causal one—with what ensues:
Antecedent 指先發(fā)生并且暗示著與后繼者之間的關(guān)系—雖不必然是因果關(guān)系—的原因：
例句：
Some of the antecedents of World War II lie in economic conditions in Europe following World War I.
第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的某些前因在于第一次世界大戰(zhàn)后的經(jīng)濟(jì)情況