drill, exercise, practice, training, discipline

名詞 exercise:

1. the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit
   同義詞：exercising, physical exercise, physical exertion, workout
2. the act of using
   同義詞：use, usage, utilization, utilisation, employment
3. systematic training by multiple repetitions
   同義詞：practice, drill, practice session, recitation
4. a task performed or problem solved in order to develop skill or understanding
   同義詞：example
5. (usually plural) a ceremony that involves processions and speeches

動(dòng)詞 exercise:

1. put to use
   同義詞：exert
2. carry out or practice; as of jobs and professions
   同義詞：practice, practise, do
3. give a workout to
   同義詞：work, work out
4. do physical exercise
   同義詞：work out
5. learn by repetition
   同義詞：drill, practice, practise

1. If you don't get more exercise, you'll get fat.
   如果你不多作運(yùn)動(dòng)，就會(huì)發(fā)胖。
2. What others think exercises a great influence on most of us.
   別人怎樣想對(duì)我們多半會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大影響。

ex.er.cise

n.（名詞）
An act of employing or putting into play; use:
運(yùn)用：應(yīng)用或運(yùn)用的行為；使用：
例句：
the free exercise of intellect; the exercise of an option.
智力的自由運(yùn)用；買賣權(quán)的運(yùn)用

The discharge of a duty, function, or office.
履行職責(zé)：任務(wù)、責(zé)任或職責(zé)的履行
Activity that requires physical or mental exertion, especially when performed to develop or maintain fitness:
鍛煉身體：為發(fā)展或保持身體健康而采取的運(yùn)用心智或體力的運(yùn)動(dòng)：
例句：
took an hour of vigorous daily exercise at a gym.
在健身房進(jìn)行一小時(shí)的日常健身鍛煉

A task, problem, or other effort performed to develop or maintain fitness or increase skill:
練習(xí)，操練：為提高或保持身體健康或增強(qiáng)技巧而完成的任務(wù)、難題或其他努力：
例句：
a piano exercise; a memory exercise.
鋼琴練習(xí)；記憶練習(xí)

exercises A program that includes speeches, presentations, and other ceremonial activities performed before an audience:
exercises 典禮，儀式：在觀眾面前表演的包括講演、發(fā)獎(jiǎng)和其它儀式性活動(dòng)的一套程序：
例句：
graduation exercises.
畢業(yè)典禮

v.（動(dòng)詞）
ex.er.cised,ex.er.cis.ing,ex.er.cis.es
v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）
To put into play or operation; employ:
使用；運(yùn)用：
例句：
Proceed, but exercise caution.
前進(jìn)，但要小心

To bring to bear; exert:
對(duì)…施加；發(fā)揮：
例句：
.The desire to be re-elected exercises a strong brake on independent courage.(John F. Kennedy)
.重新選舉的要求給獨(dú)立的勇氣帶來(lái)了極大的阻礙.(約翰F.肯尼迪)

To subject to practice or exertion in order to train, strengthen, or develop:
鍛煉：為訓(xùn)練、增強(qiáng)或提高而實(shí)踐或運(yùn)用：
例句：
exercise the back muscles; exercise the memory.
鍛煉背部肌肉；訓(xùn)練記憶力

To put through exercises:
訓(xùn)練：
例句：
exercise a platoon.See Synonyms at practice
訓(xùn)練一個(gè)排參見(jiàn) practice

To carry out the functions of; execute:
執(zhí)行：實(shí)現(xiàn)…的功能；執(zhí)行：
例句：
exercise the role of disciplinarian.
充當(dāng)訓(xùn)練者的角色

To absorb the attentions of, especially by worry or anxiety.
引起憂慮：吸引…的注意力，特別是因?yàn)闊篮徒箲]
To stir to anger or alarm; upset:
激怒：使憤怒或警覺(jué)；使不安：
例句：
an injustice that exercised the whole community.
一項(xiàng)不公正的行為激起了整個(gè)社會(huì)的憤怒

v.intr.（不及物動(dòng)詞）
To take exercise.
進(jìn)行鍛煉

來(lái)源：
Middle English
中古英語(yǔ)
from Old French exercice
源自 古法語(yǔ) exercice
from Latin exercitium
源自 拉丁語(yǔ) exercitium
from exercitus [past participle of] exercôre [to exercise]
源自 exercitus [] exercôre的過(guò)去分詞 [練習(xí)]
ex- [ex-]
ex- [前綴，表.從前的，前任的.]
arcôre [to restrain]
arcôre [抑制]

【引伸】
ex.ercis.able
adj.（形容詞）