名詞 harshness:

1. the roughness of a substance that causes abrasions
   同義詞：abrasiveness, scratchiness
2. the quality of being unpleasant (harsh or rough or grating) to the senses
   同義詞：roughness
3. the quality of being cruel and causing tension or annoyance
   同義詞：cruelty, cruelness
4. excessive sternness
   同義詞：severity, severeness, rigor, rigour, rigorousness, rigourousness, inclemency, hardness, stiffness

1. Harshness of manner; ill temper or irritability.
   粗暴態(tài)度粗暴; 脾氣暴躁或易怒
2. His harshness is forgivable.
   他很嚴(yán)厲，但情有可原。
3. I can't bear the harshness of the noise.
   我受不了這些刺耳的噪音。
4. He is a judge of harshness.
   他是個(gè)嚴(yán)厲的法官。