contain, include, embrace, involve, comprehend, hold, comprise

名詞 hold:

1. the act of grasping
   同義詞：clasp, clench, clutch, clutches, grasp, grip
2. understanding of the nature or meaning or quality or magnitude of something
   同義詞：appreciation, grasp
3. power by which something or someone is affected or dominated
4. time during which some action is awaited
   同義詞：delay, time lag, postponement, wait
5. a state of being confined (usually for a short time)
   同義詞：detention, detainment, custody
6. a stronghold
7. a cell in a jail or prison
   同義詞：keep
8. the appendage to an object that is designed to be held in order to use or move it
   同義詞：handle, grip, handgrip
9. the space in a ship or aircraft for storing cargo
   同義詞：cargo area, cargo deck, cargo hold, storage area

動詞 hold:

1. organize or be responsible for
   同義詞：throw, have, make, give
2. keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., "keep clean"
   同義詞：keep, maintain
3. have or hold in one's hands or grip
   同義詞：take hold
4. to close within bounds, limit or hold back from movement
   同義詞：restrain, confine
5. have rightfully; of rights, titles, and offices
   同義詞：bear
6. have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense
   同義詞：have, have got
7. keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view
   同義詞：deem, view as, take for
8. contain or hold; have within
   同義詞：bear, carry, contain
9. lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits
   同義詞：control, hold in, contain, check, curb, moderate
10. remain in a certain state, position, or condition
11. maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings)
    同義詞：harbor, harbour, entertain, nurse
12. assert or affirm
13. remain committed to
14. secure and keep for possible future use or application
    同義詞：retain, keep back, hold back
15. be the physical support of; carry the weight of
    同義詞：support, sustain, hold up
16. hold the attention of
17. keep from exhaling or expelling
18. support or hold in a certain manner
    同義詞：carry, bear
19. have room for; hold without crowding
    同義詞：accommodate, admit
20. be capable of holding or containing
    同義詞：contain, take
21. be valid, applicable, or true
    同義詞：prevail, obtain
22. take and maintain control over, often by violent means
23. protect against a challenge or attack
    同義詞：defend, guard
24. declare to be
    同義詞：declare, adjudge
25. have as a major characteristic
26. cause to stop
    同義詞：halt, arrest
27. bind by an obligation; cause to be indebted
    同義詞：oblige, bind, obligate
28. cover as for protection against noise or smell
29. drink alcohol without showing ill effects
    同義詞：carry
30. be pertinent or relevant or applicable
    同義詞：apply, go for
31. arrange for and reserve (something for someone else) in advance
    同義詞：reserve, book
32. resist or confront with resistance
    同義詞：defy, withstand, hold up
33. keep from departing
34. stop dealing with
35. aim, point, or direct
36. be in accord; be in agreement
    同義詞：agree, concur, concord

1. My new car holds the road well.
   我的新汽車貼路性能很好。
2. I don't think the car will hold you all.
   我看這輛汽車坐不下你們這些人。
3. She has now held the post of Prime Minister longer than anyone else this century.
   她現(xiàn)在當首相任期之長在本世紀是前所未有的。
4. I managed to grab hold of the jug before it fell.
   我設(shè)法抓住了那個罐子才未跌落。
5. We are holding a meeting.
   我們正在開會。
6. We held our breath in fear.
   我們因害怕而屏住呼吸。
7. Hold yourself still for a moment while I take your photograph.
   我給你拍照的那一剎那，你不要動。
8. The city is held by the enemy.
   這座城市已被敵人占領(lǐng)。

hold

v.（動詞）
held[hμld] hold.ing,holds
v.tr.（及物動詞）

To have and keep in one`s grasp:
拿著，握著：
例句：
held the reins tightly.
緊握韁繩

To aim or direct; point:
瞄準或指向；指出：
例句：
held a hose on the fire.
把水龍管對準火

To keep from falling or moving; support:
托住以防止落下或移動；支持：
例句：
a nail too small to hold the mirror; hold the horse steady; papers that were held together with tape and glue.
釘子太小不能支持住鏡子；穩(wěn)住馬；用膠帶和膠水粘住的紙張

To sustain the pressure of:
支撐?。褐С肿　膲毫Γ?/br>例句：
The bridge can`t hold that much weight.
那座橋不能負載那樣的重量

To keep from departing or getting away:
使不走開，使不離開：
例句：
Hold the bus! Hold the dog until I find the leash.
穩(wěn)住車子!我找到皮帶以前抓好這條狗

To keep in custody:
拘留，扣留：
例句：
held the suspect for questioning.
拘留嫌疑犯以待審訊

To retain the attention or interest of:
保持注意，有…的興趣：
例句：
The storyteller held the crowd spellbound. Televised sports can`t hold my interest.
那個講故事的人使觀眾聽得入迷了。電視播放的體育比賽不能引起我的興趣

To avoid letting out or expelling:
屏住：防止流出或放出：
例句：
The swimmer couldn`t hold her breath any longer.
那個游泳的人再也不能屏住呼吸了

To be filled by; contain.
容納；充滿
To be capable of holding.See Synonyms at contain
裝得下參見 contain
To have as a chief characteristic or quality:
具有…的主要特征或品質(zhì)：
例句：
The film holds a number of surprises.
那部電影有許多驚異之處

To have in store:
貯藏，擁有：
例句：
Let`s see what the future holds.
讓我們看看未來會有什么

To have and maintain in one`s possession:
擁有，保有：擁有并維持自己的財產(chǎn)：
例句：
holds a great deal of property.
擁有一大批財富

To have as a responsible position or a privilege:
擔任職務或擁有權(quán)力：
例句：
held the governorship for six years.
擔任了六年的州長

To have in recognition of achievement or superiority:
有成就或卓越之處：
例句：
holds the record for the one-mile race; holds the respect of her peers.
保持一英里賽跑的記錄；受她同輩的尊重

To maintain control over:
對…保持控制：
例句：
The dam held the floodwaters. Thieves held the stolen painting for ransom.
水庫控制著洪水。小偷用偷來的畫索取贖金

To maintain occupation of by force or coercion:
通過武力或強制使擁有：
例句：
Students held the administrative building for a week.
學生強占行政大樓一星期

To withstand the efforts or advance of (an opposing team, for example).
抵抗：抵抗（如，反對者）的努力或前進
To maintain in a given condition, situation, or action:
保持：維持給定條件、狀態(tài)或行為：
例句：
held himself as a gentleman at all times.
他總是保持紳士風度

To impose control or restraint on; curb:
控制，抑制：對…施加控制或抑制；阻撓：
例句：
She held her temper.
她控制住自己的脾氣

To stop the movement or progress of:
制止：停止…的行動或進程：
例句：
Hold the presses!
制止新聞報道！

To reserve or keep back from use:
保留或停止…的使用：
例句：
Please hold two tickets for us. Please hold the relish on that hamburger.
請留兩張票給我們。漢堡包請不要加調(diào)料

To defer the immediate handling of:
延遲：推遲…的立即處理：
例句：
asked the receptionist to hold all calls during the meeting.
叫接待員在會議期間不要接進電話

To be the legal possessor of.
成為…的合法占有者
To bind by a contract.
用契約約束
To adjudge or decree:
裁決或判決：
例句：
The court held that the defendant was at fault.
法庭宣判被告有罪

To make accountable; obligate:
使…承擔義務；受…約束：
例句：
You certainly did hold me to my promise.
你當然可以使我實現(xiàn)諾言

To keep in the mind or convey as a judgment, conviction, or point of view:
心懷，表達：留在腦海里或表達…的判斷、觀點或論點：
例句：
hold a grudge; hold it a point of honor not to reveal one`s sources; holds that this economic program is the only answer to high prices.
懷恨；認為不揭露消息來源是一個事關(guān)榮譽的問題；認為這個經(jīng)濟項目是引起物價高漲的唯一原因

To assert or affirm, especially formally:
尤指正式地聲明或斷言：
例句：
This doctrine holds that people are inherently good.
這種教義強調(diào)人性本善

To regard in a certain way:
視作：以某種方式認為：
例句：
I hold you in high esteem.
我對你有崇高的敬意

To cause to take place; carry on:
使發(fā)生；舉行：
例句：
held the race in Florida; hold a yard sale.
在佛羅里達舉行比賽；舉辦舊貨出售

To assemble for and conduct the activity of; convene:
召集，聚會：集中并指導…的行為；聚會：
例句：
held a meeting of the board.
召集董事會

To carry or support (the body or a bodily part) in a certain position:
使（身體或身體某一部分）保持特定姿勢：
例句：
Can the baby hold herself up yetô Hold up your leg.
寶寶能自己站立了嗎ô抬起腿

To cover (the ears or the nose, for example) especially for protection:
遮蓋，掩?。和ǔ榱吮Ｗo而遮蓋（例如，耳朵或鼻子）：
例句：
held my nose against the stench.
掩住鼻子使不聞惡臭

v.intr.（不及物動詞）

To maintain a grasp or grip on something.
握住，抓?。壕S持抓住或握住某物
To stay securely fastened:
被安全地系牢：
例句：
The chain held.
繩索很牢靠

To maintain a desired or accustomed position or condition:
維持：維持預期或習慣的狀態(tài)或情形：
例句：
hopes the weather will hold.
希望天氣不要變

To withstand stress, pressure, or opposition:
抗拒：抵抗緊張、壓力或反對：
例句：
The defense held. We held firm on the negotiations.
防守嚴密。協(xié)商中我們的立場很堅定

To continue in the same direction:
在同一方向繼續(xù)：
例句：
The ship held to a southwesterly course.
船繼續(xù)沿西南方向前進

To be valid, applicable, or true:
使有效、可行或真實：
例句：
The theory holds. This is an observation that still holds true.
理論仍適用。這種觀察仍很正確

To have legal right or title. Often used withof or from.
有合法權(quán)利或權(quán)益的。常與of 或 from 連用
To halt an intended action. Often used in the imperative.
停止本想做的事。常用于命令式
To stop the countdown during a missile or spacecraft launch.
停止讀秒：在發(fā)射導彈或宇宙飛船時停止倒計時
Slang To have in one`s possession illicit or illegally obtained material or goods, especially narcotics:
【俚語】 擁有非法物品：尤指擁有毒品等非法獲得的東西或物品：
例句：
The suspect was holding.
那個嫌疑犯擁有非法物品

n.（名詞）

The act or a means of grasping.
抓握：抓握的行為或方法
A manner of grasping an opponent, as in wrestling or aikido:
抓住對手：摔角或合氣道中用的一種抓住對手的方法：
例句：
a neck hold; an arm hold.
抓頸；抓住胳膊

Something that may be grasped or gripped, as for support.
抓住或握住可用來支撐的東西

A bond or force that attaches or restrains, or by which something is affected or dominated:
威力，勢力，支配力：吸引、遏制或使某物受影響或控制的契約或力量：
例句：
a writer with a strong hold on the reading public.
一位對讀者有影響力的作家

Complete control:
完全的控制：
例句：
has a firm hold on the complex issues.
嚴格地控制了復雜的問題

Full understanding:
完全的理解：
例句：
has a good hold on physics.
對物理學掌握得很好

Music
【音樂】
The sustaining of a note longer than its indicated time value.
延長的音符：長于規(guī)定的節(jié)拍長短的音符維持
The symbol designating this pause; a fermata.
表停頓的音符；延長符號

A direction or an indication that something is to be reserved or deferred.
通知，指示：保留或推遲的事物的通知或指示
A temporary halt, as in a countdown.
短暫停止：倒計時中的短暫停止

A prison cell.
牢房
The state of being in confinement; custody.
被監(jiān)禁的狀態(tài)；拘留
Archaic A fortified place; a stronghold.
【古語】 堡壘；要塞

<常用詞組>hold back
To retain in one`s possession or control:
保留，保持控制：在某人的占據(jù)或控制之下：
例句：
held back valuable information; held back my tears.
保留有價值的信息；忍住眼淚

To impede the progress of.
阻止…的發(fā)展
To restrain oneself.
抑制，自制
hold down
To limit:
限制：
例句：
Please hold the noise down.
請限制音量

To have (a job):
有（工作）：
例句：
holds down two jobs.
有兩份工作

hold forth
To talk at great length.
滔滔不絕地說
hold off
To keep at a distance; resist:
遠離；抵制：
例句：
held the creditors off.
遠離債權(quán)人

To stop or delay doing something:
制止或阻撓做某事：
例句：
Let`s hold off until we have more data.
等到有更多資料時再做

hold on
To maintain one`s grip; cling.
抓住…不放；依附
To continue to do something; persist.
繼續(xù)做某事；堅持
To wait for something wanted or requested, especially to keep a telephone connection open.
稍待：尤指不掛上電話以等待想要的或要求的事物
hold out
To present or proffer as something attainable.
提供，提出：提供或顯示可得到的東西
To continue to be in supply or service; last:
繼續(xù)給予或提供；持續(xù)：
例句：
Our food is holding out nicely.
我們的食物還很多

To continue to resist:
繼續(xù)反對：
例句：
The defending garrison held out for a month.
防衛(wèi)部隊已堅守了一個月

To refuse to reach or satisfy an agreement.
拒絕達成或履行協(xié)議
hold over
To postpone or delay.
延續(xù)或耽擱
To keep in a position or state from an earlier period of time.
繼續(xù)維持：處于與以前同樣狀態(tài)或情形
To continue a term of office past the usual length of time.
超越正常時間續(xù)任
To prolong the engagement of:
延長…的期限：
例句：
The film was held over for weeks.
電影又繼續(xù)放了幾星期

hold to
To remain loyal or faithful to:
對…忠誠或忠實：
例句：
She held to her resolutions.
她很忠于自己的決定

hold up
To obstruct or delay.
阻撓或延遲
To rob while armed, often at gunpoint.
通常用槍威脅以搶劫
To offer or present as an example:
作為例子提供或展示：
例句：
held the essay up as a model for the students.
把這篇論文給學生作范例

To continue to function without losing force or effectiveness; cope:
制衡，應付：仍然有效或不失力量地繼續(xù)下去；應付：
例句：
managed to hold up under the daily stress.
想辦法應付每天的生活壓力

hold with
To agree with; support:
同意；支持：
例句：
I don`t hold with your theories.
我不同意你的理論

<習慣用語>get hold of
To come into possession of; find:
擁有；找到：
例句：
Where can I get hold of a copyô
哪里可以找到復印件ô

To communicate with, as by telephone:
通過電話交流：
例句：
tried to get hold of you but the line was busy.
想和你通電話，但總占線

To gain control of. Often used reflexively:
控制…。通常反身使用：
例句：
You must get hold of yourself
你必須控制住自己

hold a candle to
To compare favorably with:
與…相比較好：
例句：
This film doesn`t hold a candle to his previous ones.
這部電影并不比他先前的幾部好

hold (one`s) own
To do reasonably well despite difficulty or criticism.
堅持住，不退讓：無視批評和困難做得很好
hold out on (someone)
To withhold something from:
隱藏：
例句：
Don`t hold out on me; start telling the truth.
不要瞞著我；告訴我真相

hold (someone`s) feet to the fire
To pressure (someone) to consent to or undertake something.
強迫（某人）同意或做某事
hold sway
To have a controlling influence; dominate.
有控制性影響；統(tǒng)治
hold the bag【非正式用語】
To be left with empty hands.
一無所得：離開時兩手空空
To be forced to assume total responsibility when it ought to have been shared.
背黑鍋：在可分擔時被迫承擔全部責任
hold the fort【非正式用語】
To assume responsibility, especially in another`s absence.
尤指在他人缺席時承擔責任
To maintain a secure position.
保持安穩(wěn)地位
hold the line
To maintain the existing position or state of affairs:
維持現(xiàn)狀：維持事務現(xiàn)有的位置或狀態(tài)：
例句：
had to hold the line on salary increases in the fourth quarter.
在第四季度時只好維持工資的漲幅了

hold the phone【俚語】
To stop doing what one is engaged in doing. Often used in the imperative:
停止正在做的事。常用于祈使句：
例句：
Hold the phone
停下!

hold water
To stand up to critical examination:
經(jīng)受嚴厲考驗：
例句：
Your theory does not hold water. The witnesses` conflicting stories held no water.
你的理論經(jīng)不起考驗。證人互相矛盾的證詞站不住腳

no holds barred
Without limits or restraints.
沒有限制或壓制
on hold
Into a state of temporary interruption without total disconnection during a telephone call:
中斷：打電話時短暫打斷但仍接通的狀態(tài)：
例句：
had to put me on hold for five minutes.
不得不讓我中斷5分鐘

Informal Into a state of delay or indeterminate suspension:
【非正式用語】 懸念：進入一種推遲或不確定的懸疑狀態(tài)：
例句：
had to put the romance on hold.
得讓那個故事有點懸念

來源：
Middle English holden
中古英語 holden
from Old English healdan
源自 古英語 healdan

hold
hold 2

n.Abbr. hld.（名詞）縮寫 hld.
The lower interior part of a ship or an airplane in which cargo is stored.
貨艙，底艙：船或飛機里艙下半部用來載貨的地方

來源：
Alteration influenced by hold
受 hold的影響
of Middle English hole [husk, hull of a ship]
中古英語 hole的變化 [外殼，船的外體]
from Old English hulu * see kel-
源自 古英語 hulu *參見 kel-