名詞 hooker:

1. United States general in the Union Army who was defeated at Chancellorsville by Robert E. Lee (1814-1879)
   同義詞：Joseph Hooker, Fighting Joe Hooker
2. English theologian (1554-1600)
   同義詞：Richard Hooker
3. a prostitute who attracts customers by walking the streets
   同義詞：streetwalker, street girl, hustler, floozy, floozie, slattern
4. a golfer whose shots typically curve left (for right-handed golfers)
5. (rugby) the player in the middle of the front row of the scrum who tries to capture the ball with the foot

hooker

n.Nautical （名詞）【航海】
A single-masted fishing smack used off the coast of Ireland.
小漁船：愛爾蘭沿海捕魚所用的單桅小帆船
An old worn-out or clumsy ship.
破船，老式船：一只用舊的或笨重的船

來源：
Dutch hoeker
荷蘭語 hoeker
from Middle Dutch hoeckboot
源自 中古荷蘭語 hoeckboot
hoec [fishhook] * see keg-
hoec [魚鉤] *參見 keg-
boot [boat]
boot [船]

hooker
hooker 2

n.（名詞）
One that hooks.
用鉤者
Slang A prostitute.
【俚語】 妓女

<注釋>In hisPersonal Memoirs Ulysses S. Grant described Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker as .a dangerous man . . . not subordinate to his superiors.. Hooker had his faults, of course.He may indeed have been insubordinate;undoubtedly he was an erratic leader.But there is one thing of which he is often accused that .Fighting Joe. Hooker certainly did not do:he did not give his name to prostitutes.According to a popular story,the men under Hooker`s command during the Civil War were a particularly wild bunch.When his troops were on leave,we are told, they spent much of their time in brothels.For this reason, as the story goes,prostitutes came to be known ashookers. It is not difficult to understand how such a theory might have originated.The major general`s name differs from the wordhooker only in the capital letter that begins it. And it is true that Hooker`s men were at times ill-disciplined (although it seems that liquor, not women, was the main source of their difficulties with the provost marshal).However attractive this theory may be,it cannot be true.The wordhooker, with the sense .prostitute,. is in fact older than the Civil War. It appeared in the second edition (although not in the first) of John Russell Bartlett`sDictionary of Americanisms, published in 859.Bartlett definedhooker as .a strumpet, a sailor`s trull.. He also said that the word was derived from Corlear`s Hook,a district in New York City,but this was only a guess.There is no evidence that the term originated in New York.Norman Ellsworth Eliason has traced this use ofhooker back to 845 in North Carolina. He reported the usage inTarheel Talk; an Historical Study of the English Language in North Carolina to 8'0, published in 95'. The fact that we have no earlier written evidence does not mean thathooker was never used to mean .prostitute. before 845. The history ofhooker is, quite simply, murky; we do not know when or where it was first used,but we can be very certain that it did not begin with Joseph Hooker.Also, we have no firm evidence that it came from Corlear`s Hook.Scholarly evidence or lack thereof notwithstanding,the late Bruce Catton, the Civil War historian, did not go so far as to exonerate completely the Union general.Although .the term ‘hooker’ did not originate during the Civil War,.wrote Catton, .it certainly became popular then.During these war years, Washington developed a large [red-light district] somewhere south of Constitution Avenue.This became known as Hooker`s Division in tribute to the proclivities of General Joseph Hookerand the name has stuck ever since..If the termhooker was derived neither from Joseph Hooker nor from Corlear`s Hook, what is its derivationôIt is most likely that thishooker is, etymologically, simply .one who hooks.. The term portrays a prostitute as a person who hooks, or snares, clients.
尤利西斯·S·格蘭特在他的個(gè)人回憶錄 中把陸軍少將約瑟夫·胡克描寫成.一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)人物…從不服從于他的頂頭上司.。 胡克當(dāng)然有他的缺點(diǎn)。他也許曾是一個(gè)難以屈服的人；但他無疑是一個(gè)怪癖的軍官。但是.好戰(zhàn)的喬.，胡克卻因?yàn)橐患隙]有干過的事情而屢遭指責(zé)；他從不對(duì)妓女透露他的姓名。根據(jù)一個(gè)流行故事，內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中胡克的手下有一伙特別狂野的人們。當(dāng)他的隊(duì)伍即將離開時(shí)，據(jù)說他們總在妓院里消磨時(shí)日。故事還說正因?yàn)槿绱?，妓女開始被叫做hookers。 我們不難理解這樣一個(gè)故事的起源的推測(cè)。這個(gè)將軍的名字和hooker 只差開頭的一個(gè)大寫字母。 而且胡克的手下在當(dāng)時(shí)確實(shí)紀(jì)律渙散（盡管看來是酒而非女人才導(dǎo)致了他們與憲兵司令之間的矛盾）。不管這個(gè)故事多么誘人，它不可能是真實(shí)的。事實(shí)上hooker 一詞作為.妓女.的意思比內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的歷史還要早。 它出現(xiàn)于約翰·羅素·巴特利特編纂的美國俗語詞典 的第二版（盡管第一版中沒有）， 出版于859年。巴特利特把hooker 定義為.一個(gè)妓女，水手的妓女.。 他還說這個(gè)詞來源于科利爾的胡克，紐約市的一個(gè)地區(qū)，但這只是一個(gè)猜想。沒有證據(jù)證明這一說法源于紐約。諾曼·愛爾斯華斯·艾利森把hooker 的用法追溯到845年的北卡羅來納州。 他在95'年出版的北卡羅來納州閑話； 8'0年前北卡羅來納英語歷史研究 中說明了這一用法。 缺乏早期書面證據(jù)這一事實(shí)并不意味著在845年之前hooker 沒有被用作.妓女.一義。 很簡(jiǎn)單，hooker 的歷史隱晦難知； 我們不知道它在何時(shí)何地被首次使用，但我們可以肯定它并不始于約瑟夫·胡克。而且我們沒有確鑿證據(jù)證明它來源于科利爾的胡克。不管有無學(xué)術(shù)性的證據(jù)，已故的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)歷史學(xué)家布魯斯·卡通并沒有做到為聯(lián)邦將軍徹底開脫的地步。盡管.‘hooker’這一詞語并不是來源于內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，.卡通寫道，.在那之后它肯定流行了起來。在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)年代，華盛頓在憲法大街南部某個(gè)地方發(fā)展了很大的［紅燈區(qū)］。人們把這里稱作胡克的轄區(qū)，作為對(duì)約瑟夫·胡克將軍怪癖的獻(xiàn)禮，這個(gè)名字從此便生根發(fā)芽.。如果hooker 這一詞語既不是源于約瑟夫·胡克也不來自于科利爾的胡克， 那么它的詞源究竟是什么呢ô從詞源學(xué)上來說hooker 很有可能僅僅是.引…上鉤的人.。 這一詞語把妓女描繪成一個(gè)勾引或引誘客人的人