punishment, penalty

名詞 penalty:

1. the act of punishing
   同義詞：punishment, penalization, penalisation
2. a payment required for not fulfilling a contract
3. the disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition
4. (games) a handicap or disadvantage that is imposed on a competitor (or a team) for an infraction of the rules of the game

1. He kicked a penalty goal in the football match.
   在這場(chǎng)足球賽中，他主罰，踢進(jìn)了一個(gè)球。
2. The penalty clause was hidden in the small print.
   懲罰條款印在不起眼的小號(hào)字體部分。
3. One of the penalties of fame is loss of privacy.
   成名的弊端之一是失去了私人活動(dòng)自由。
4. Liverpool were given a penalty when one of their opponents handled the ball.
   利物浦隊(duì)因?qū)Ψ揭魂?duì)員用手觸球而得到一個(gè)罰球。
5. One of the penalties of fame is that people point at you on the street.
   當(dāng)了名人的麻煩之一是在街上被人指指點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。
6. She has paid the penalty for her crimes with five years in prison.
   她因犯罪受到懲罰被判刑五年。

pen.al.ty

n.（名詞）
【復(fù)數(shù)】 pen.al.ties
A punishment established by law or authority for a crime or an offense.
懲罰，刑罰，處罰：由法律或權(quán)力當(dāng)局制訂的對(duì)罪犯或犯法行為的懲罰
Something, especially a sum of money, required as a forfeit for an offense.
罰金：尤指一筆錢等受處罰而交納的東西
The disadvantage or painful consequences resulting from an action or a condition:
不利結(jié)果，損失：由于某種行為或狀況而導(dǎo)致的不利或令人痛苦的結(jié)果：
例句：
neglected his health and paid the penalty.
他忽視身體健康而自食苦果

Sports A punishment, handicap, or loss of advantage imposed on a team or competitor for infraction of a rule.
【體育運(yùn)動(dòng)】 罰球，罰分，罰下場(chǎng)：體育比賽中對(duì)犯規(guī)的賽隊(duì)或運(yùn)動(dòng)員所施加的懲罰、障礙或不利條件
Often penalties Games Points scored in contract bridge by the opponents when the declarer fails to make a bid.
常作 penalties 【游戲】 橋牌罰分：橋牌中因未能叫牌而被對(duì)方減的罰分
n.attributive.（定語(yǔ)名詞）
Often used to modify another noun:
常用于修飾其它名詞：
例句：
a penalty kick; a penalty stroke.
罰球，罰點(diǎn)球；罰擊

來(lái)源：
Middle English penalte
中古英語(yǔ) penalte
from Old French penalite
源自 古法語(yǔ) penalite
from Medieval Latin poen3lit3s
源自 中世紀(jì)拉丁語(yǔ) poen3lit3s
from Latin poen3lis [penal] * see penal
源自 拉丁語(yǔ) poen3lis [懲罰的] *參見(jiàn) penal