名詞 plantation:

1. an estate where cash crops are grown on a large scale (especially in tropical areas)
2. a newly established colony (especially in the colonization of North America)
3. garden consisting of a small cultivated wood without undergrowth
   同義詞：grove, woodlet, orchard

1. A hothouse or plantation where pineapples are grown.
   菠蘿種植園菠蘿生長的溫室或園林
2. The plantation owners would rather plough their cotton in than sell it at a lower price.
   種植園主寧可把棉花犁入土中，也不愿以低價(jià)出售。
3. There were hundreds of slaves in the plantation.
   這個(gè)種植園里有數(shù)百名奴隸。

plan.ta.tion

n.（名詞）
An area under cultivation.
種植場：耕作的土地
A group of cultivated trees or plants.
人工造林，大規(guī)模培植的植物：大片栽培的樹或植物
A large estate or farm on which crops are raised, often by resident workers.
種植園：種植莊稼的大型種植園或農(nóng)場，經(jīng)常由居住的工人種植
A newly established settlement; a colony.
殖民地，新開發(fā)地：新建立的移民地；殖民地

<注釋>It has probably seemed ironic to more than one reader that the same wordplantation appears in the name Plimoth Plantation, a settlement of people seeking freedom of religion,albeit their particular form of religion,and also as the term for the estates of the pre-Civil War Southwith their beautiful mansions for the white elite and their hovels for the oppressed Black slaves.These two uses of the wordplantation illustrate two sense developments of the word, which is first recorded in Middle English asplantacioun in a work probably written during the first quarter of the 5th century. Latinplant3tiô, the source of our English word, originally meant .propagation of a plant, as from cuttings,.but in Medieval Latin developed other related senses,such as .planting,. .foundation, establishment,. and .nursery, or collection of growing plants that have been planted..The two senses that were used in New England and in the South can thus be explained.The Plimoth sense is derived from the notion of a settlement or colony that has been established or planted in a new country.The Southern sense goes back to the notion of simply planting crops,in this casecrops such as tobacco or cottonthat are grown on estates or farms in subtropical or tropical climatesand were at one time worked by slave labor.
同樣的單詞plantation 出現(xiàn)在名稱 Plimoth Plantation （普利茅斯種植園）中，這對不止一名讀者來說，可能看起來是具諷刺意味的， 該名稱指尋求宗教自由的人的小型社區(qū)，雖然他們的宗教形式很特別，也是作為內(nèi)戰(zhàn)前南方莊園的術(shù)語，指供高貴白種人居住的漂亮公館和受壓迫的黑人奴隸居住的破舊茅屋。單詞plantation 的這兩種用法說明了這個(gè)單詞兩種意思的發(fā)展， 其以可能于5世紀(jì)最初二十五年創(chuàng)作的一部作品中的plantacioun 形式首次記錄進(jìn)中世紀(jì)英語。 拉丁文plantatio 是我們這個(gè)英語單詞的詞源， 最初意為.植物的繁殖，如通過供插栽小枝，.但是在中世紀(jì)拉丁文中又發(fā)展了其它的相關(guān)的意思，例如.種植、..建立、設(shè)立.和.苗圃或已被種植的活的植物的集合。.這樣，用在新英格蘭和南方的這兩種意思就能夠解釋了。普利茅斯種植園的意思是從在新的國家中建立或移民的新拓居地或殖民地的概念中引申出來的。南方莊園的意思則可追溯到簡易耕種作物的概念上來，在這種情況下，例如煙草或棉花等農(nóng)作物，生長在亞熱帶或熱帶氣候的莊園或農(nóng)場，且一段時(shí)間以來由奴隸種植