jail, prison, cell

名詞 prison:

1. a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment
   同義詞：prison house
2. a prisonlike situation; a place of seeming confinement
   同義詞：prison house

1. Strikes by prison officers underline the need for reform in our gaols.
   監(jiān)獄工作人員罷工一事，突出地表明我們的監(jiān)獄制度需要改革。
2. Those prodigals were put into prison.
   那些揮霍者被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。
3. The thief was put into prison for one year.
   小偷被監(jiān)禁一年。
4. Many people believe that prison isn't a cure for crime.
   許多人都相信監(jiān)禁解決不了犯罪問題。

pris.on

n.（名詞）
A place where persons convicted or accused of crimes are confined; a penitentiary or a jail.
監(jiān)獄，拘留所：監(jiān)禁被指控或認(rèn)定有罪的人的地方；拘留所或監(jiān)獄
A place or condition of confinement or forcible restraint.
監(jiān)禁室，拘留：監(jiān)禁或扣留某人的地方或狀況
A state of imprisonment or captivity.
監(jiān)禁，下獄：被關(guān)押或囚禁的狀態(tài)
v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）
pris.oned,pris.on.ing,pris.ons
To confine in a prison; imprison.
監(jiān)禁：關(guān)在監(jiān)獄中；使下獄

來源：
Middle English
中古英語
from Old French
源自 古法語
alteration influenced by Old French pris [taken]
受 古法語 pris的影響 [被捉住]
of Latin prônsiô prônsiôn- [a seizing]
拉丁語 prônsiô的變化 prônsiôn- [捕捉]
from *prehônsiô
源自 *prehônsiô
from prehônsus [past participle of] prehendere [to seize] * see ghend-
源自 prehônsus [] prehendere的過去分詞 [抓住，逮捕] *參見 ghend-

<注釋>The wordprison has its origins not in the notions of what such a place is but rather in the notion of how one gets there. Prison can be traced back to the Latin word prônsiô, .the action or power of making an arrest.. This in turn is derived from the verbprehendere or prendere, which meant .to take hold of, take into custody, arrest..Prônsiô then dives into the obscurity of the time when Romance languages such as French were being formed from Vulgar Latin and resurfaces in the Old French of the 2th century with the formprison and the senses .capture. and .place of imprisonment..This new sense could have already been developed in Latinand not been recorded,but we have to wait until the 2th century to see it,the sense .captivity. being added in the same century.From Old French as well as the Medieval Latin wordpriso, .prison,. derived from Old French, came our Middle English word prisoun, first recorded in a work written before 2in the sense .imprisonment..The sense .place of imprisonment. is recorded shortly afterward in a text copied down before 225but perhaps actually written in the Old English period before the Norman Conquest.
Prison 這個(gè)單詞的來源不在于它是一個(gè)什么樣的地方而在于一個(gè)人是怎么進(jìn)去的。 Prison 可追溯到意思是.進(jìn)行逮捕的行動(dòng)或力量.的拉丁詞 prensio。 這個(gè)詞也是從動(dòng)詞prehendere 或 prendere 派生出來的， 意思是.捉住，逮捕，拘留。.Prensio 這個(gè)詞在羅馬語系中的語言（如法語）逐漸從通俗拉丁語形成時(shí)被人們忘卻了， 2世紀(jì)又以prison 的形式在古法語中重新露面， 其含義是.捉住.和.囚禁人的地方。.這個(gè)新的含義很可能在拉丁語中已得到了發(fā)展，只是沒有被記錄下來，但是我們直到2世紀(jì)才看到它，在同一世紀(jì).囚禁，俘虜.的意思被加了進(jìn)去。從古法語、同時(shí)也是從源于古法語的中世紀(jì)拉丁語詞priso .監(jiān)獄，監(jiān)禁.中產(chǎn)生了中古英語單詞 prison， 這個(gè)詞最早的記錄是在一部著于2年的作品中，意思是.監(jiān)禁，拘留。..監(jiān)禁或囚禁的地方.這層意思在稍后出現(xiàn)的、在225年以前被抄錄下來的一篇文章中出現(xiàn)，但可能實(shí)際寫作的時(shí)間是在諾曼征服之前的古英語時(shí)期